Journal of Fatima Jinnah Medical University

Wed, 06 Mar 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Comparison of Mean Duration of Third Stage of Labor with Oral Misoprostol versus Intramuscular Oxytocin

Thu, 29 Feb 2024 23:42:00 +0000

Efficacy and safety of Narrowband UVB in Chronic Plaque Psoriasis in Skin type IV and V

Mon, 26 Feb 2024 13:54:30 +0000

Cesarean Section Rate in Tertiary Care Hospital of South Punjab using Robson Ten Group Classification System

Mon, 26 Feb 2024 13:46:15 +0000

Background: The rise in cesarean section rates throughout the world is a major public health issue and a topic of controversy because to the potential maternal and perinatal dangers, financial challenges, and discrepancy in access. This research set out to determine the high prevalence of cesarean sections using the Robson Ten Group Classification System (TGCS).

Patients and Methods: The research was a cross-sectional prospective study. The TGCS was used to categorize all women who gave birth through lower segment cesarean section at Sheikh Zayed Hospital Rahim Yar Khan between January 2021 and July 2022. Rates of cesarean sections were determined both overall and by Robson group, as was each group's relative contribution to the cesarean section rate.

Results: There were 543 (18.4%) females of age <20 years, 1826 (61.8%) females had age 20-30 years and 581 (19.6%) were aged 30-37 years. Out of 2950 females, 39.6% females fall in RTGCS class 5, followed by 2b (11.2%), 2a (10.4%), class 1 (9.7%), class 9 (7.8%) and class 10 (7.1%) and so on.

Conclusion: Thus, RTGCS allows easy identi?cation of leading contributing patients groups. RTGCS can be effective criteria that can help to early predict the mode of delivery and prevent complications of cesarean section in several number of cases.

Investigation of rs80356932 of BRCA1 Gene and Other Physiological Factors with Benign Breast Disease

Mon, 26 Feb 2024 13:45:16 +0000

Background: Benign Breast Diseases (BBD) are a diverse group of conditions characterized by abnormal breast morphology and lesions which may be caused by both genetic and environmental factors as well as infectious agents such as bacteria and viruses. Since it is generally accepted that these conditions do not usually pose a risk for breast cancer so a small amount of information is available about them. Present study undertook the investigation of the association of various factors with benign breast disease, including family history, history of abortions, tumors in other organs of the body, menopausal status, and rs80356932 variant of the BRCA1 gene.

Patients and Methods: This case control study included 91 patients of BBD and 100 normal individuals at Services Institute of Medical Sciences and Jinnah Hospital from July 2021 to July 2022. Demographical and clinical data was collected with the help of a pre designed form, and blood sample was also collected with informed consent. Tetra-ARMS-PCR was performed on DNA extracted from these samples to determine the genotype of rs80356932. Chi-square test of independence was used via SPSS version 22 for the measurement of association.

Results: The results reported that the family history, menopause status, history of abortions and tumor in any other organ of the body were found to be significantly associated with benign breast tumor/ disease (P-value <0.05). SNP rs80356932 was also found associated with presentation of benign breast diseases (P-value <0.05).

Conclusion: Family history, menopause status, history of abortions and BRCA1 variant rs80356932 are risk factors for BBD development. We recommend screening of all patients of benign breast disease for these factors to better understand and manage the condition, as well as to assess the possibility of development of breast cancer in these patients.

Comparison of Rockall Score and MELD Score for Predicting in Hospital Mortality Patients with Vericeal Bleeding

Mon, 26 Feb 2024 13:43:48 +0000

Protective Effect of Aqueous Extract of Lawsonia Inermis (Henna) Leaves on Acetylsalicylic Acid Induced Gastric Mucosal Toxicity in Adult Albino Rats

Mon, 26 Feb 2024 13:42:33 +0000

Frequency of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder among Medical Students

Mon, 26 Feb 2024 13:37:11 +0000

The Surgical Management of Epilepsy - A Surgeon Perspective

Wed, 21 Feb 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Spectrum of Haemoglobinopathies in Population of Lahore District

Tue, 20 Feb 2024 08:15:29 +0000

Relationship between peer versus non-peer learning and academic performance of nursing students in Karachi, Pakistan

Tue, 20 Feb 2024 08:01:06 +0000

Background: Students learn through peer learning; it is one of the central learning approaches. Peer learning inspires students to teach and learn from each other. The objective of the study was to determine the relationship between peer versus non-peer group learning and the academic performance of nursing students (NS).

Methods: A correlational research design was conducted at two public sectors: Dow Institute of Nursing and Midwifery Karachi and College of Nursing Dr. Ruth K. M. Pfau Civil Hospital Karachi. Three hundred NS were included in the study through purposive sampling techniques and the study duration was four months (December 2022 to March 2023). The inclusion criteria were undergraduate NS who were acquainted with peer learning. Those NS who were not present at the time of data collection were excluded from the study. According to the study's objectives, a questionnaire was developed by reviewing previous studies. Data was entered and analyzed on SPSS version 26.

Results: Out of 300, n=156(52%) were from peer group and n=144(48%) were from non-peer-group and n=167(55.7%) had reported good performance (>3 GPA) and n=133(44.3%) reported average performance (?3 GPA) at academic. Both groups of NS showed significant differences in academic performance (P- value <0.05). The peer group of NS has found a positive correlation (r.1.000) and is highly significant (P- value <.005) with academic performance.

Conclusion: The current study concluded that most NS belonged to peer groups, and more than half of the NS attained good academic performance. Peer groups also showed a positive correlation and high significance with academic performance.

The Evaluation of Radiofrequency Ablation and Medial branch block in the pain Management of Lumber Spinal Pain. A two-year follow-up study

Tue, 20 Feb 2024 07:48:32 +0000

Background: Chronic back pain, which is increasingly common and has a considerable economic impact, is a significant disabling factor. For the past decade, radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a method that is frequently used to treat many kinds of chronic pain. Therefore, the objective of the current investigation was to determine the long-term clinical outcomes of an RFA.

Patients and Methods: Randomized control trail was conducted from March 2019 to December 2021 at Iffat Anwar Medical Complex and department of pain medication Azra Naheed Medical Complex. After taking the written informed consent the patients meeting the inclusion criteria: low back pain for past 2 years, both gender, age > 30 years and failed to respond the previous treatments were enrolled in current study. After radiological assessment total 60 patients were randomized equally into two groups (Group A= Medial Branch Block, Group B= RFA) by using computer generated sequence. The primary outcome of the study was to determine the improvement in low back pain by using visual analog scale and physical impairment by using Oswestry low back disability index scale.

Results: A sample of 60 patients were selected. The mean age of the patients was 57.6+9.6 years. 35 (58.3%) of the patients were between 56 and 75 years of age. In the current study, 41 (60.0%) were females, including 21 (51.2%) in Control and 20(48.7%) in intervention group. At 12^th (week), one, 1.5, and 2 (years), 30%, 80%, 33.3%, and 90.0% of patients reported a reduction in pain with a significant difference (P-value < 0.05).

Conclusion: A significant number of people with lumbar spine pain benefit from effective and long-lasting therapy while using RFA of the lumbar medial branch. Lumbar zygapophysial joints have been subjected to radiofrequency denervation this results in long-term pain relief under normal clinical conditions.

Frequency and Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern of Culture Positive Salmonella Typhi in Children Visiting to RHQ Hospital Gilgit

Tue, 20 Feb 2024 07:40:39 +0000

Effect of Anticoagulation on The Hepatic Function of Non-Malignant Portal Vein Thrombosis

Tue, 20 Feb 2024 06:08:32 +0000

Background: In various groups of PVT patients, portal vein thrombosis (PVT) occurs at a rate of 5-26%; the incidence increases with progressive liver disease. Portal vein thrombosis increases portal hypertension, increases the risk of variceal haemorrhage, and decreases hepatic perfusion, eventually leading to hepatic decompensation. Therefore this study is conducted toevaluate the effect of anticoagulation on the hepatic function of non-malignant portal vein thrombosis.

Patients and Methods: Total 200 patients were consecutively enrolled in this retrospective study among April 2021 to April 2022. Patients with malignant PVT and those who lacked enough clinical data at the time of PVT diagnosis and during the subsequent clinical course were excluded. Retrospective analysis was used in this study to assess how anticoagulation affected hepatic function. A predesigned proforma were used to collect data. All the data was entered and analyzed by SPSS version 25. All the quantitative variables were presented by Mean+ SD and qualitative with frequency and percentages. An independent sample t test was applied to find out the significant difference of hepatic function among groups. P-value< 0.05 was considered as significant.

Results: Total 200 patients were enrolled in current study among which 100 were treated with anticoagulation and 100 without anticoagulation. The mean age among groups were (T= 48.99+1.73 Vs. UT=49.50+1.63). Majority of the patients were male (115/200) and married (161/200). Majority of patients were Males, Married, normal weighted (123/200), moderate ascites (55/200), grade 3 hepatic encephalopathy (105/200) and child PUGH class A (97/200). There was insignificant mean difference of hepatic function among groups. The ALT, AST ALP, Albumin, Bilirubin shows insignificant difference (P-value>0.05).

Conclusion: Our research shows that anticoagulation reduces hepatic damage and enhances liver production in people with non-malignant PVT.

Surgical Outcomes of 23 Gauge Pars Plana Vitrectomy for Non Clearing Diabetic Vitreous Hemorrhage

Tue, 20 Feb 2024 05:01:32 +0000

Likelihood of Diabetes Mellitus Associated with Frozen Shoulder

Tue, 20 Feb 2024 04:54:56 +0000

Challenges faced by a clinician to be a medical educator in Pakistan

Tue, 20 Feb 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Addiction a Complex Syndrome

Tue, 20 Feb 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Addiction is a complex and multifaceted issue that affects millions of people worldwide. It has the potential to ruin lives, destroy families, and damage communities. Addiction can be defined as a compulsive and uncontrollable urge to engage in a particular behaviour, despite the negative consequences that may result.¹ It can take many forms, from alcohol and drugs to gambling, sex, and even food. Addictive behaviours have a profound impact on individuals and society as a whole.

The origin of addiction is still a topic of debate among scholars and researchers, with some pointing to genetic predispositions and others highlighting environmental factors such as childhood trauma and stress. Whatever the cause, addiction is a chronic condition that requires support, understanding, and intervention to overcome.²

One of the most significant challenges of addiction is that it is often associated with negative stigmas, shame, and guilt. Many people who struggle with addiction do so in silence, afraid to seek help or admit they have a problem. This stigma can make it difficult for individuals to access the resources and support they need to overcome their addiction.³

Frequency of Celiac Disease in Children Presenting with Iron Deficiency Anaemia: A Single Centre Experience from Southern Punjab, Pakistan

Mon, 19 Feb 2024 13:37:58 +0000

Effect of Different Water-Based and Gel-Based Conductive Media on the Efficacy of Electric Pulp Tester

Mon, 19 Feb 2024 13:28:16 +0000

Suicide Ideation and Patterns among Suicide Survivors Admitted in Teaching Tertiary Care Hospital Multan, South Punjab Pakistan

Mon, 19 Feb 2024 13:08:39 +0000

Comparison of Ultrasound and Computed Tomography Findings in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Obese and Non-obese Patients

Mon, 19 Feb 2024 13:00:54 +0000

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) affects 15 to 40% of people in Western nations, 9 to 40% of people in Asian countries and 6-35% global incidence in Western industrialized countries.^1,2

Objective: To compare ultrasound and computed tomography findings in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in obese and non-obese cases.

Methods: A cross sectional analytical study was conducted at DHQ Hospital Narowal. 270 patients of both genders with ages 13 and 95 years who had a fatty liver on ultrasound and are non-alcoholics were included in this study. Patients with any other liver abnormality and having history of alcohol intake were excluded. The variables of age, height, weight, gender and BMI were recorded. Patients were categorized in two groups obese and non-obese on basis of BMI. Grading of fatty liver on ultrasound and CT scan were noted down on a predesigned data collection sheet.

Results: Out of 270 patients of NAFLD, 55.9% were females and 44.10% were males while 74.44% subjects were obese 25.55% were non obese. The correlation between USG and CT findings was significant(r = 0.761 for non-obese and 0.868 for obese patients). Among obese cases of NAFLD grade I was the commonest, and lowest number of patients were of grade III. Among non-obese cases grade II was commonest.

Conclusion: There is a good correlation between the structural ultrasound criteria and CT criteria for diagnosis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. This disease is seen more commonly in obese individuals and is more common in females as compared to males.

Comparison of Effectiveness of Doxofylline VS Theophylline in Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients

Mon, 19 Feb 2024 12:20:06 +0000

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is known as an obstructive pulmonary disease it causes particular small airway obstruction. Currently available medications for COPD are not able to reduce the progressive deterioration of lung function. The current study aims to determine the effectiveness of doxofylline and theophylline in improving the pulmonary functions in stable COPD patients.

Methods: A Randomized controlled trial was conducted on a total of 80(40 in each group). Stable COPD patients (FEV1/FVC < 0.70) patients visiting the outpatient department of Sir Ganga Ram Hospital for treatment and fulfilling inclusion criteria were enrolled to participate in the study. Both groups were given standard long-acting bronchodilator therapy such as salmeterol inhaler 25mcg twice daily. Group A was given theophylline, while group B was given doxofylline. Independent sample t-test was applied to compare the spirometry findings in both groups by using SPSS 25.0. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results: In current study it was reported that the 36 (45.0) of patients were 30-40 years old. The majority of patients were male 68(85.0%) and suffered from COPD. There was an increased improvement in spirometric parameters among both groups. The both groups have same effect on spirometric parameters in terms of FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC and FEC1% prediction. Both drugs increase the spirometry functionality. (p-value > 0.05). There was significant difference among side effect of both groups. Doxophylline was found to have fewer side effects compared to theophylline. (P value< 0.05)

Conclusion: It was concluded that the both drugs theophylline and doxofylline revealed consistent improvement in spirometric outcomes (FEV1, FVC, and the FEV1/FVC ratio) with the passage of time in COPD. The current study demonstrates that both drugs have a equal efficacy and safety profile than theophylline in patients with COPD.

Correlation in Academic Performance, Purpose in Life and Hopelessness among Final year Medical Students